XAT 2017 Official Answer Key and Detailed Solutions
Monday, January 16th, 2017
XAT just released the official answer key and detailed solutions for XAT 2017.
XAT 2017 Official Answer Key
It is given below in slightly poor formatting. You can download the original official key as well.
SET A SET B SET C SET D
B 1 B 1 B 1 E 1
B 2 E 2 B 2 B 2
E 3 B 3 B 3 B 3
B 4 B 4 E 4 B 4
C 5 C 5 E 5 E 5
E 6 A 6 C 6 C 6
A 7 E 7 A 7 A 7
D 8 E 8 D 8 D 8
C 9 D 9 C 9 C 9
E 10 C 10 D 10 E 10
D 11 D 11 C 11 D 11
C 12 C 12 E 12 C 12
C 13 D 13 C 13 D 13
A 14 B 14 A 14 B 14
D 15 C 15 D 15 C 15
D 16 A 16 D 16 A 16
B 17 D 17 B 17 D 17
C 18 E 18 E 18 C 18
A 19 A 19 A 19 A 19
D 20 E 20 E 20 D 20
E 21 B 21 B 21 E 21
A 22 C 22 C 22 A 22
E 23 A 23 A 23 E 23
B 24 D 24 D 24 B 24
E 25 D 25 E 25 D 25
D 26 B 26 D 26 B 26
C 27 E 27 D 27 E 27
D 28 D 28 B 28 D 28
B 29 C 29 D 29 C 29
C 30 D 30 B 30 D 30
D 31 B 31 C 31 B 31
B 32 C 32 C 32 C 32
B 33 E 33 C 33 E 33
A 34 A 34 E 34 A 34
C 35 E 35 A 35 E 35
E 36 B 36 E 36 C 36
A 37 A 37 A 37 E 37
E 38 C 38 E 38 A 38
A 39 E 39 B 39 B 39
E 40 A 40 A 40 A 40
D 41 C 41 C 41 C 41
A 42 B 42 B 42 B 42
C 43 D 43 D 43 D 43
B 44 D 44 D 44 D 44
D 45 A 45 A 45 A 45
D 46 D 46 D 46 D 46
B 47 A 47 B 47 B 47
B 48 B 48 B 48 B 48
A 49 B 49 A 49 B 49
B 50 B 50 B 50 A 50
C 51 C 51 E 51 C 51
C 52 D 52 A 52 D 52
C 53 E 53 D 53 C 53
D 54 A 54 E 54 C 54
E 55 D 55 C 55 E 55
A 56 E 56 C 56 A 56
D 57 C 57 C 57 D 57
E 58 C 58 D 58 E 58
E 59 C 59 C 59 C 59
C 60 E 60 E 60 A 60
E 61 E 61 E 61 E 61
A 62 A 62 A 62 E 62
E 63 E 63 E 63 E 63
D 64 D 64 D 64 D 64
A 65 A 65 A 65 A 65
A 66 E 66 A 66 E 66
C 67 D 67 C 67 D 67
B 68 B 68 B 68 B 68
A 69 A 69 A 69 A 69
E 70 A 70 E 70 A 70
D 71 C 71 D 71 C 71
B 72 B 72 B 72 B 72
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XAT 2017 Official Detailed Solutions
Once again, the formatting given below is slightly messed up but I hope you get the gist of it. You can download the official detailed solutions as well.
SECTION-A
VERBAL AND LOGICAL ABILITY
1. Read the following statements and answer the question that follows:
1. This is Russia‘s Wild West, though the mountains lie to the south of Moscow and St.
Petersburg.
2. The Caucasus range has throughout history held Russians, especially fierce
nationalists like Solzhenitsyn, in fear and awe.
3. Here, between the Black and Caspian seas, is a land bridge where Europe gradually
vanishes amid a six-hundred-mile chain of mountains as high as eighteen thousand
feet – mesmerizing in their spangled beauty, especially after the yawning and flat
mileage of the steppe lands to the north.
4. Here, since the seventeenth century, Russian colonizers have tried to subdue
congeries of proud peoples: Chechens, Ingush, Ossetes, Daghestanis, Abkhaz,
Kartvelians, Kakhetians, Armenians, Azeris, and others.
5. Here, the Russians encountered Islam in both its moderation and implacability.
Which of the following options is the best logical order of the above statements?
A. 1,2,3,4,5
B. 2,3,1,4,5
C. 2,4,3,1,5
D. 3,1,2,4,5
E. 4,5,3,1,2
Statements 3, 4 and 5 cannot be the opening statement since the usage of ―Here‖
implies that the subject of the discussion has already been introduced; nor can
statement 1, since statement 1 begins with ―This‖ and that too implies the subject has
been introduced. The introduction to the passage can only be through Statement 2.
Statement 1 labels/describes the area that has been introduced in statement 3.
Therefore, the sequence should start from 2, proceed to statement 3 and then on to 1.
Statement 3 after statement 4 is awkward as emphasis shifts from races to mountains.
Hence, Option B is the correct answer.
2. Read the following statements and answer the question that follows:
1. The periodic table orders the elements in a way that helps to understand why atoms
behave as they do.
2. The properties of the elements are due to electronic configuration, and their recurring
pattern gives rise to periodicity.
3. In other words, what gives the elements their properties and what order lies below
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the surface of their seemingly random nature?
4. What makes Fluorine react violently with Caesium while its nearest neighbour neon
is reluctant to react with anything?
Which of the following options is the best logical order of the above statements?
A. 1,2,3,4
B. 1,4,3,2
C. 2,3,1,4
D. 3,4,2,1
E. 4,3,1,2
Statement 4 asks a specific query, which is illustrated by an example given in the
statement 3 therefore creating a pattern of 4 followed by 3. Alternatively, statement 4
raises a question and statement 3 raises the same question in a different and a general
manner (―In other words‖). It again shows that 3 should follow 4.
Statement 1 talks about why do elements get their property, while statement 4 describes
a specific case. As stated in the statement 1, the properties can only be derived from the
periodic table. Hence, statement 4 should follow statement 1. Statement 2 is a
conclusive statement and hence should be the last statement.
Statement 1 cannot flow from statement 3 because statement 1 does not give any hint
about an answer to the question raised by statement 3. Statement 1 should also come
before statement 3 as statement 1 mentions ‗order‘ in periodic table while statement 3
asks justification behind the ‗order‘, which is answered in statement 2.
Hence, Option B is the correct answer.
3. Read the following excerpt and answer the question that follows:
Fragrant with steam
were the days and the nights red
with many braziers
in the beloved house
of my father, my mother.
Which of the following options is the closest expression of the poet‘s feeling?
A. The house was located in beautiful settings probably surrounded by flowers in the
mountains.
B. The ancestral home was probably the most important house in the community.
C. The poet fondly recalls the pleasant climate enjoyed day and night.
D. The poet misses the braziers and steam she had enjoyed during her childhood.
E. Everything about the house felt special because of her parents love for her.
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The last two lines of the poem talk about sense of identification (word ―my‖ is used)
that poet may have towards her parents. This hints that fond memories were attributed
to parents and not to the surroundings or the beautiful house. Surroundings and house
became beautiful because of parents.
Option A is wrong as ―mountains‖ are not mentioned anywhere. Option B is wrong as
there is no mention of the ―community‖. Option C is again wrong as there is no
mention of ―climate‖, there is mention of only ―steam‖ and ―brazier‖, which is not
climate. Option D is wrong because it captures the essence only of the first three lines
from the stanza and not the entire passage.
Hence, Option E is the best answer.
4. Read the following paragraphs and answer the question that follows:
The current trend indicates that food and vegetable inflations continue to be pain
points. Food inflation rose to 7.79 percent in June from 7.47 percent, and vegetable
inflation rose to 14.74 percent from 10.85 percent. In the weeks ahead, the volatile food
inflation will determine the course of overall inflation.
For RBI too, the trend is a concern since under the current agreement with
the government, if the inflation exceeds 11 percent it will have to explain to the
government why it could not be contained (the lower limit is 2 percent).
Which of the following options is the most appropriate?
A. The first paragraph states a cause and the second illustrates the effect.
B. The first paragraph provides information and the second highlights potential
application of the information.
C. The first paragraph is an assertion and the second provides an illustration of that
assertion.
D. The first paragraph highlights inflation conditions and the second hints at RBI‘s
inefficiency in managing the situation.
E. The first paragraph highlights pain points and the second contains a remedy for
them.
The First paragraph talks about food inflation and vegetable inflation rising and also
states that the food inflation has an overwhelming impact on overall inflation.
The second paragraph talks about how this data concerns RBI. For RBI this data i.e.
trend is a concern since if the trend continues, RBI will have to explain to the
government.
As of now, the trend is a concern for RBI and therefore the data offers a potential
application (use) to RBI. Thus, the most appropriate Option is B.
Options A is wrong since there is no cause and effect relationship between the two
paragraphs. Option C is wrong, since no assertion is made in the first paragraph. In
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Option E, while the first paragraph discusses pain points, the second paragraph does
not discuss any remedy.
Option D is wrong since, the second paragraph does not hint at any inefficiency on the
part of RBI other than the possibility of RBI giving an explanation in the future if and
only if the trend continues in the future and crosses 11%. Even then it may not hint at
any inefficiency on the part of RBI. At this point in time it is inappropriate to label RBI
inefficient.
As of now, therefore the trend is a concern for RBI and therefore the data offers a
potential application to RBI. But we cannot make any inference beyond this. Since the
acceptable upper limit of inflation is 11%, the current trend may not mean that RBI is
effective or ineffective in managing inflation. Also since how much resources RBI had
in its arsenal to control inflation is not given in the first or second paragraphs, and how
much was put to use is also not discussed in both the paragraphs, so, the second
paragraph does not hint anything about efficiency or inefficiency.
5. The serious study of popular films by critics is regularly credited with having rendered
obsolete a once-dominant view that popular mainstream films are inherently inferior to
art films. Yet the change of attitude may be somewhat _______ Although, it is now
academically respectable to analyse popular films, the fact that many critics feel
compelled to rationalize their own _______ action movies or mass-market fiction
reveals, perhaps unwittingly, their continued _______ the old hierarchy of popular and
art films.
Consider the following words:
1. unproductive
2. not appreciated
3. overstated
4. penchant for
5. dislike for
6. investment in
7. exposure to
Which of the following options is the most appropriate sequence that would
meaningfully fit the blanks in the above paragraph?
A. 1,5,6
B. 3,2,7
C. 3,4,6
D. 4,5,6
E. 6,3,1
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The second sentence/line in the passage can be completed by either 1) ―unproductive‖
or 3) ―overstated‖. But the following sentence (third) questions the perception of
―change of attitudes‖ contained in the second sentence/line.
The serious study of popular films by critics implies that the critics are compelled to
rationalize their ―penchant for‖ and hence, 3 will be followed by 4. By rationalizing
their penchant for popular films, they unwittingly reveal their continued investment in
the categorization of popular and art films.
Hence, the appropriate sequence of words should start with 3 follow it with 4 and then
by 6. Hence, option C is the correct answer.
6. Read the following stanza and answer the question that follows:
Invisible atoms coming together
Revealing themselves in visible forms
Seeds are hugged by the earth
Which renders them as gardens in bloom.
And yonder stars, are they not pearls
Floating on teeming seas?
Scattered, yet strung together in orderly constellations
Love binding them to one another
And each is perpetually seeking its like?
Which of the following options best captures the spirit of the above stanza?
A. Stars and seas are similar.
B. All rivers flow into the ocean.
C. United we stand, divided we fall.
D. Love dissolves all religious differences.
E. Something invisible binds disparate objects.
The poem talks about seemingly dissimilar items actually seeking each other and also
connected with each other. Invisible atoms which may be of different types, such as
seeds and earth, or stars and seas, each of these groups of dissimilar items are finally
connected. Hence, Option E best captures the spirit of the stanza. Options A and B are
specific examples related to stars, rivers and seas. Option C is wrong as there is nothing
mentioned about division in the stanza. Option D is wrong as the stanza does not talk
about religious differences.
7. Which of the following options is grammatically correct and meaningful?
A. I want to join an MBA college that is not only the best in the country but also
provides the best campus jobs.
B. I want to join an MBA college that is not only the best in the country but also I can
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get good job.
C. I want to join an MBA college that is not only the best in the country but also best in
job.
D. I want to join an MBA college that is not only good but also I can get good job.
E. I want to join an MBA college that I found not only best in the country but also I can
get good job.
A is the correct answer as first and second part of the sentence should have same
grammatical structure. Option C is also grammatically correct but it has no meaning as
―MBA college‖ cannot be ―best in Job‖. Options B, D and E are combined sentences as
―I‖ gets repeated in the second part of the sentence, like in the first part. Moreover, the
article ―a‖ is missing before ―good job‖ in options B, D and E.
8. Read the following passage and answer the question that follows:
On Friday morning, Dieting supplement sales company Herbalife agreed to pay the US
Federal Trade Commission a $200m fine. The FTC said Herbalife cheated hopeful
salespeople out of hundreds of millions of dollars with a high-pressure multi-level
marketing scheme.
Herbalife‘s stock received an immediate 15% increase following the above news. The
company also announced that it would hire a second former FTC commissioner in a
press release describing the terms of the settlement.
Which of the following options would imply that the 15 percent increase in stock price
is fair?
A. Cheating results in increase in the company‘s stock price.
B. When fraudulent companies are exposed, their stock price increases.
C. When fraudulent companies are caught, their stock price initially goes down.
D. Acknowledgement of deceit increases the stock price of companies.
E. Compliance with court order increases the company‘s stock price.
The question is, among the five options which would imply that the stock price
increase is ―fair‖?
Increase in the stock price took place after the company agreed to pay 200 million and
not when punishment was announced by the commission. Even assuming commission
and court are the same, given that complying with the commission is
mandatory/statutory behaviour, compliance is no ―fair‖ reason for stock price to
increase based on compliance behaviour. Hence, option E cannot be the right answer.
When the company agreed to pay the fine, the market perceived it as acknowledgement
of deceit and the valuation of such deceit is clear (from the fine amount). This
acknowledgement of behaviour (deceit) and specifically the valuation or price of such
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behaviour becoming clear, gives lots more information to the market thereby increasing
the stock price. Hence, D is the answer.
Options A and B are wrong since stock price did not increase when the organization
was exposed, but when the organization acknowledged. Option C is wrong as there is
no data on stock price movement when the organization‘s ―fraud‖ was exposed.
9. Read the following paragraph and answer the question that follows:
Worldwide, tomato is one of the most important crops. Because this crop can be
adapted for cultivation in various environments ranging from tropical to alpine regions,
its cultivation area is now expanding worldwide into not so productive regions. On the
other hand, traditional cultivation areas, the most favourable for tomato cultivation with
warm and dry climate, are contracting. Every year, traditional cultivation areas lose 2
million hectares (ha) of land to environmental factors such as salinity, drought, and soil
erosion.
Which of the following is the correct inference based on the above passage?
A. In recent years, per hectare production of tomato has increased worldwide.
B. In recent years, per hectare wastage of tomato has increased worldwide.
C. In recent years, per hectare production of tomato has decreased worldwide.
D. In recent years, per hectare wastage of tomato has decreased worldwide.
E. In recent years, per hectare production of tomato has remained the same worldwide.
The paragraph says 2 million hectares of world‘s current tomato cultivation areas are
lost in the most favourable areas of cultivation. Therefore, favourable area under
cultivation is reducing. Given that favourable areas have more production per hectare
and extended areas have lesser production per hectare, the overall production per
hectare will reduce though total global production may increase. Hence, Option C is the
correct inference.
Option A and E are not correct since going by the discussion above, increase in ‗per
hectare production of tomato‘ or production remaining the same is not possible.
Options B and D are wrong because there is no mention of ‗wastage of tomato‘ in the
passage.
10. Carefully read the statements below:
1. Chatterjee loves books; therefore, he reads them all the time.
2. Chatterjee loves books. Therefore, he reads them all the time.
3. Chatterjee loves books and, therefore, reads them all the time.
Which of the above statement(s) is (are) correct in grammar and meaning?
A. 1 only
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B. 2 only
C. 1 and 2 only
D. 2 and 3 only
E. 1, 2 and 3
All the sentences are grammatically correct. Hence, option E is correct.
11. Grotesque is related to Macabre in a similar way as ______
A. Classics is related to Ruins
B. History is related to Palaeontology
C. Marriage is related to Funeral
D. Sorcery is related to Necromancy
E. Science is related to Thanatology
Grotesque and macabre both mean/signify unpleasant, out of the normal and hideous.
But Macabre while being unpleasant specifically focuses on death or is related to death.
Among the options given below, all the right hand side words signify or are related to
death/dead.
But among options, the words on the left hand side, only sorcery is unpleasant and
therefore similar to grotesque. Hence D.
12. Choose the option with all the correct words and their correct accent (underlined
syllable) that fits the blanks.
The suspension of the captain may _______ the number of spectators, who turn up for
this match.
Transportation costs will directly _______ the cost of retail goods.
Grandmother‘s advancing age could _______ her ability to take care of the house.
She _______ a Texan accent throughout the interview.
A. affect, effect, effect, effected
B. affect, effect, affect, affected
C. affect, affect, affect, affected
D. effect, affect, effect, effected
E. effect, affect, effect, affected
In all these words, the emphasis is on the second syllable ―fect‖. Hence, option with
first part emphasised are wrong. This makes C as the right answer. Further, generally,
affect is used as verb, while effect is used as noun. Hence, C is the correct answer.
Analyse the passage below and answer the questions 13-15 that follow:
It‘s taken me 60 years, but I had an epiphany recently: Everything, without exception,
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requires additional energy and order to maintain itself. I knew this in the abstract as the
famous second law of thermodynamics, which states that everything is falling apart
slowly. This realization is not just the lament of a person getting older. Long ago I
learnt that even the most inanimate things we know of—stone, iron columns, copper
pipes, gravel roads, a piece of paper—won‘t last very long without attention and fixing
and the loan of additional order. Existence, it seems, is chiefly maintenance.
What has surprised me recently is how unstable even the intangible is. Keeping a
website or a software program afloat is like keeping a yacht afloat. It is a black hole for
attention. I can understand why a mechanical device like a pump would break down
after a while—moisture rusts metal, or the air oxidizes membranes, or lubricants
evaporate, all of which require repair. But I wasn‘t thinking that the nonmaterial world
of bits would also degrade. What‘s to break? Apparently everything.
Brand-new computers will ossify. Apps weaken with use. Code corrodes. Fresh
software just released will immediately begin to fray. On their own—nothing you did.
The more complex the gear, the more (not less) attention it will require. The natural
inclination toward change is inescapable, even for the most abstract entities we know
of: bits.
And then there is the assault of the changing digital landscape. When everything
around you is upgrading, this puts pressure on your digital system and necessitates
maintenance. You may not want to upgrade, but you must because everyone else is. It‘s
an upgrade arms race.
I used to upgrade my gear begrudgingly (why upgrade if it still works?) and at the last
possible moment. You know how it goes: Upgrade this and suddenly you need to
upgrade that, which triggers upgrades everywhere. I would put it off for years because I
had the experiences of one ―tiny‖ upgrade of a minor part disrupting my entire working
life. But as our personal technology is becoming more complex, more co-dependents
upon peripherals, more like a living ecosystem, delaying upgrading is even more
disruptive. If you neglect ongoing minor upgrades, the change backs up so much that
the eventual big upgrade reaches traumatic proportions. So I now see upgrading as a
type of hygiene: You do it regularly to keep your tech healthy. Continual upgrades are
so critical for technological systems that they are now automatic for the major personal
computer operating systems and some software apps. Behind the scenes, the machines
will upgrade themselves, slowly changing their features over time. This happens
gradually, so we don‘t notice they are ―becoming.‖
We take this evolution as normal.
Technological life in the future will be a series of endless upgrades. And the rate of
graduations is accelerating. Features shift, defaults disappear, menus morph. I‘ll open
up a software package I don‘t use every day expecting certain choices, and whole
menus will have disappeared.
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No matter how long you have been using a tool, endless upgrades make you into a
newbie—the new user often seen as clueless. In this era of ―becoming,‖ everyone
becomes a newbie. Worse, we will be newbies forever. That should keep us humble.
That bears repeating. All of us—every one of us—will be endless newbies in the future
simply trying to keep up. Here‘s why: First, most of the important technologies that
will dominate life 30 years from now have not yet been invented, so naturally you‘ll be
a newbie to them. Second, because the new technology requires endless upgrades, you
will remain in the newbie state. Third, because the cycle of obsolescence is accelerating
(the average lifespan of a phone app is a mere 30 days!), you won‘t have time to master
anything before it is displaced, so you will remain in the newbie mode forever. Endless
Newbie is the new default for everyone, no matter your age or experience.
13. Which of the following statements would the author agree with the most?
A. The second law of thermodynamics states that things need more energy as they
separate.
B. When it comes to erosion, intangibles behave differently from tangible.
C. Up-gradation is no longer an option but an obligation.
D. Up-gradation though simple is disruptive.
E. In the next thirty years, one‘s experience in up-grading will be greatly valued.
The essence of passage is how we are forced to upgrade in order to stay relevant.
Hence, up gradation is forced rather than left to our choices. Hence, C is the best
answer. Option A is wrong because second law of thermodynamics, as mentioned in
the paragraph, talks about things falling apart and not about ―energy required‖. B and E
are contradictory to the ideas mentioned in the passage. D is partially incorrect as up-
gradation is not simple.
14. Which of the following quotes would the author agree with the most?
A. Life is like riding a bicycle. In order to avoid falling, you must keep moving.
B. The only thing constant in life is change.
C. You must be the change you wish to see in the world.
D. If you do not change you will be changed.
E. What we can‘t cure we must endure.
In the passage, the author is making two points. The first is that change is constant and
the second is how to adapt to the change so as to survive. In other words, the first is
more of an observation by the author while the second part is his/her core
argument/exhortation. Thus, the essence of the passage is the second point (i.e. how to
adapt) while keeping in mind the existence of the first.
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Based on the argument above, Option A is the closest since it includes both the points
and hence, the correct answer. Option B contains only the first point, while Option C is
irrelevant.
Option D and E are reactive and would be a consequence of non-adherence of the
author‘s exhortation.
15. The CEO of a technology company was thinking of the following policies.
1. Life time employment
2. Promotion based on seniority
3. Hire new competent employees and fire old incompetent employees
4. Regular training and retraining
If a CEO were to consult the author of the passage, which of the above policies should
the author recommend?
A. 1 or 3
B. 1 or 4
C. 2 or 4
D. 3 or 4
E. 1, 3 and 4
If the CEO were to consult the author, then going by the passage, life-time employment
does not guarantee continuous up-gradation. Also, the tenure of an employee does not
guarantee up-gradation. Similarly, inferring from the passage, those who do not
upgrade should be fired and be replaced with new employees. The other solution can be
providing regular training in place of firing. Hence, correct option is D.
Analyse the passage below and answer the questions 16-17 that follow:
Writing is both my vocation and my avocation: that‘s all I do.
You may wonder why I should write a genealogy. Well, to begin with, my story is
interesting. And, next, I am a mystery -more so than a tree or a sunset or even a flash of
lightning. But, sadly, I am taken for granted by those who use me, as if I were a mere
incident and without background. This supercilious attitude relegates me to the level of
the commonplace. This is a species of the grievous error in which mankind cannot too
long persist without peril. For, as a wise man, G. K.Chesterton, observed, “We are
perishing for want of wonder, not for want of wonders.”
I, simple though I appear to be, merit your wonder and awe, a claim I shall attempt to
prove. In fact, if you can understand me-no, that‘s too much to ask of anyone – if you
can become aware of the miraculousness that I symbolize, you can help save the
freedom mankind is so unhappily losing. I have a profound lesson to teach. And I can
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teach this lesson better than an automobile or an airplane or a mechanical dishwasher
because – well, because I am seemingly so simple.
Simple? Yet, not a single person on the face of this earth knows how to make me. This
sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? Especially when you realize that there are about one and
one -half billion of my kind produced in the U.S. each year.
Pick me up and look me over. What do you see? Not much meets the eye – there’s some
wood, lacquer, the printed labeling, graphite lead, a bit of metal, and an eraser.
16. ―I‖ in the passage, most likely, refers to:
A. the author of the passage
B. a geometry box
C. a study table
D. a pencil
E. the evolution of a book
The last paragraph of the passage gives away that ―I‖ is a pencil, as the one object
among the options given, that can satisfy the passage completely. Thus, Option D is the
correct answer.
17. A ―supercilious attitude‖ in this passage implies:
A. Failure to perceive the mystery of the sunset.
B. Arrogance of treating all simple things as trivial.
C. Lack of curiosity in seeking the mystery behind the lightning.
D. A tendency to break down intricacies of creation into its simple parts.
E. Prosaic attitude immune to the mysteries of the world.
Supercilious is arrogant or contemptuous attitude. In the passage, it is used w.r.t.
pencil. Since, pencil looks simple and trivial, people might develop supercilious
attitude towards it. Hence, B is the right answer.
Analyse the passage below and answer the questions 18-20 that follow:
Some psychologists and sociologists believe that psychopathy can be an asset in
business and politics and that, as a result, psychopathic traits are overrepresented
among successful people. This would be a puzzle if it were so. If our moral feelings
evolved through natural selection, then it shouldn‘t be the case that one would flourish
without them. And, in fact, the successful psychopath is probably the exception.
Psychopaths have certain deficits. Some of these are subtle. The psychologist Abigail
Marsh and her colleagues find that psychopaths are markedly insensitive to the
expression of fear. Normal people recognize fear and treat it as a distress cue, but
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psychopaths have problems seeing it, let alone responding to it appropriately. Other
deficits run deeper. The overall lack of moral sentiments—and specifically, the lack of
regard for others—might turn out to be the psychopath‘s downfall. We non-
psychopaths are constantly assessing one another, looking for kindness and shame and
the like, using this information to decide whom to trust, whom to affiliate with. The
psychopath has to pretend to be one of us. But this is difficult. It‘s hard to force
yourself to comply with moral rules just through a rational appreciation of what you are
expected to do. If you feel like strangling the cat, it‘s a struggle to hold back just
because you know that it is frowned upon. Without a normal allotment of shame and
guilt, psychopaths succumb to bad impulses, doing terrible things out of malice, greed,
and simple boredom. And sooner or later, they get caught. While psychopaths can be
successful in the short term, they tend to fail in the long term and often end up in prison
or worse. Let‘s take a closer look at what separates psychopaths from the rest of us.
There are many symptoms of psychopathy, including pathological lying and lack of
remorse or guilt, but the core deficit is indifference toward the suffering of other
people. Psychopaths lack compassion. To understand how compassion works for all of
us non-psychopaths, it‘s important to distinguish it from empathy. Now, some
contemporary researchers use the terms interchangeably, but there is a big difference
between caring about a person (compassion) and putting yourself in the person‘s shoes
(empathy).
I am too much of an adaptationist to think that a capacity as rich as empathy exists as a
freak biological accident. It most likely has a function, and the most plausible candidate
here is that it motivates us to care about others. Empathy exists to motivate compassion
and altruism. Still, the link between empathy (in the sense of mirroring another‘s
feelings) and compassion (in the sense of feeling and acting kindly toward another) is
more nuanced than many people believe. First, although empathy can be automatic and
unconscious—a crying person can affect your mood, even if you‘re not aware that this
is happening and would rather it didn‘t—we often choose whether to empathize with
another person. So when empathy is present, it may be the product of a moral choice,
not the cause of it. Empathy is also influenced by what one thinks of the other person.
Second, empathy is not needed to motivate compassion. As the psychologist Steven
Pinker points out, ―If a child has been frightened by a barking dog and is howling in
terror, my sympathetic response is not to howl in terror with her, but to comfort and
protect her.‖ Third, just as you can have compassion without empathy, you can have
empathy without compassion. You might feel the person‘s pain and wish to stop feeling
it—but choose to solve the problem by distancing yourself from that person instead of
alleviating his or her suffering. Even otherwise good people sometimes turn away when
faced with depictions of pain and suffering in faraway lands, or when passing a
homeless person on a city street.
18. The core deficit of Psychopaths affects their long term success because,
13
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A. they cannot sustain the behaviour.
B. they are less likely to succeed as HR managers than as finance managers.
C. they cannot hide their lack of compassion for long.
D. empathy is essential for long term success.
E. natural selection enables moral feelings.
Psychopaths hide their deficits as long as possible, thereby pretending to be normal.
There are many symptoms of psychopathy, which they can hide for long. But the core
deficit viz. lack of indifference or compassion is something they cannot hide for long.
The passage directly mentions that compassion, the core deficit is missing among
psychopath towards the end of first paragraph. Hence, C is the correct option.
19. Which of the following options is correct according to the author?
A. Compassion exists for a reason.
B. Empathy is a chance event.
C. Empathy is the cause of moral choice.
D. Caring for others is psychopathy.
E. Long term success in business is a freak accident.
According to the author empathy and compassion exist not as freak biological accidents
but for a reason. They have a function. Hence, option A is right.
The above argument rules out Option B.
Empathy according to the author is the product of moral choice and not the cause of it.
Therefore, Option C is wrong.
Psychopaths‘ lack of regard of others, as stated in the passage makes option D wrong.
Option E is not discussed in the passage so it is irrelevant and therefore, wrong.
20. A student approached a faculty pleading to increase his marks because failure in one
more subject will result in the student having to leave the program . The faculty said, ―I
am sorry. But I cannot change your grades as it would be unfair to others‖.
In the given circumstance, which of the following best describes the faculty?
A. The faculty is a psychopath.
B. The faculty was compassionate.
C. The faculty was both empathetic and compassionate but unfair.
D. The faculty displayed empathy but not compassion.
E. The faculty displayed compassion but not empathy.
As the faculty is not changing the grade for a particular student as others might get
affected, he is clearly showing empathy to that student as well as to other students. But
at the same time, he is not displaying compassion to any student in this situation
(though we cannot conclude that he is not compassionate). It is difficult to conclude
whether the faculty is a psychopath or not. Hence, Option D is correct.
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Analyse the passage below and answer the questions 21-24 that follow:
Every age has its pet contradictions. A few decades back, we used to accept Marx and
Freud together, and then wonder, like the chameleon on the turkey carpet, why life was
so confusing. Today there is similar trouble over the question whether there is, or is
not, something called Human Nature. On the one hand, there has been an explosion of
animal behavior studies, and comparisons between animals and men have become
immensely popular. People use evidence from animals to decide whether man is
naturally aggressive, or naturally territorial; even whether he has an aggressive or
territorial instinct. Moreover, we are still much influenced by Freudian psychology,
which depends on the notion of instinct. On the other hand, many still hold what may
be called the Blank Paper view, that man is a creature entirely without instincts. So do
Existentialist philosophers. If man has no instincts, all comparison with animals must
be irrelevant. (Both these simple party lines have been somewhat eroded over time, but
both are still extremely influential.)
According to the Blank Paper view, man is entirely the product of his culture. He starts
off infinitely plastic, and is formed completely by the society in which he grows up.
There is then no end to the possible variations among cultures; what we take to be
human instincts are just the deep-dug prejudices of our own society. Forming families,
fearing the dark, and jumping at the sight of a spider are just results of our
conditioning. Existentialism at first appears a very different standpoint, because the
Existentialist asserts man‘s freedom and will not let him call himself a product of
anything. But Existentialism too denies that man has a nature; if he had, his freedom
would not be complete. Thus Sartre insisted that ―there is no human nature…. Man first
of all exists, encounters himself, surges up in the world, and defines himself afterwards.
If man as the Existentialist sees him is not definable, it is because to begin with he is
nothing. He will not be anything until later, and then he will be what he makes
himself.‖ For Existentialism there is only the human condition, which is what happens
to man and not what he is born like. If we are afraid of the dark, it is because we choose
to be cowards; if we care more for our own children than for other people‘s, it is
because we choose to be partial. We must never talk about human nature or human
instincts. This implicit moral notion is still very influential, not at all confined to those
who use the metaphysic of essence and existence. So I shall sometimes speak of it, not
as Existentialist, but as Libertarian—meaning that those holding it do not just (like all
of us) think liberty important, but think it supremely important and believe that our
having a nature would infringe it.
Philosophers have not yet made much use of informed comparison with other species
as a help in the understanding of man. One reason they have not is undoubtedly the fear
of fatalism. Another is the appalling way terms such as instinct and human nature have
been misused in the past. A third is the absurdity of some ethological propaganda.
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21. A business school led by an existentialist director, wanted to decide on admission
policy for its executive MBA program, which requires candidates to possess minimum
five years of managerial experience.
With respect to the selection process, which of the following statements will be closest
to the director‘s belief:
A. Tenth standard marks should be given highest weightage.
B. Twelfth standard marks should be given highest weightage.
C. Marks scored in the engineering college should be given highest weightage.
D. Marks scored by the candidate in all previous examinations be given equal
weightage.
E. Recent work experience and contribution to the organization should be given highest
weightage.
As per Existentialists, we are completely plastic when we are born, and we are product
of growing up and what we do. If we extend this logic, then our behaviour would be
more determined by what we do in the recent past than distant past. Hence, the right
option is E.
22. Which of the following statements would the author agree with the most?
A. Existentialism can be extended to Libertarianism.
B. Existentialism and Libertarianism are the same.
C. Existentialism encompasses Libertarianism.
D. Animal behaviour should not be compared with human behaviour.
E. Liberty and existentialism are unrelated.
…So I shall sometimes speak of it, not as Existentialist, but as Libertarian—meaning
that those holding it do not just (like all of us) think liberty important, but think it
supremely important and believe that our having a nature would infringe it. …
The above excerpt from the passage suggests that while existentialists hold liberty
important, libertarians hold liberty supremely important. Therefore, existentialism can
be extended to Libertarianism. Therefore, A is the correct answer.
23. Who among the following, as stated in the third paragraph, would the author be the
most sympathetic to?
A. PETA (People for the ethical treatment of animals) activists
B. Save the tiger activists
C. Architect
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D. Physicists
E. Zoologists
Option A is wrong since PETA activists interfere with animal related experiments,
impeding better understanding of animal behaviour and subsequently, human
behaviour. Save the Tiger activists, broadly concerned about illegal poaching are
irrelevant to the passage. Where they are concerned about the way tigers are being ill-
treated, they are similar to PETA and hence would not earn the sympathy of the author.
Architect, Physicists are irrelevant to the passage.
The passage clearly states, in the last line, that we need to compare human studies with
animal studies for better understanding of human behaviour. Since zoologists study
animals, the author is most likely to agree with them. Hence, E is the best answer.
24. Which sentence in the passage distances man from ―nature‖, the most?
A. The sixth sentence of the first paragraph.
B. The first sentence of the second paragraph.
C. The sentence third from the last in the passage.
D. The sentence second from the last in the passage.
E. The last sentence of the passage.
Animal behaviour is farthest from ―culture‖, as used in the first sentence of the second
paragraph. Hence, B is the right option.
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SECTION B
DECISION MAKING ABILITY
Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 25-26 that follow:
Vimla is the domestic help for Shreya and her neighbour Padma; both live in a posh
gated community. Vimla not only cleans the house, but also cooks for both the
families. Shreya treasures Vimla ever since she joined her family four years ago. Vimla
joined Padma‘s household this year.
25. One evening Shreya trying to pay the pizza delivery was surprised to find a few five
hundred rupee notes missing from her purse that she was sure were there earlier. She
wants to ascertain if someone has stolen the money. On reflecting, the following facts
crossed her mind:
1. In the last one year, Shreya had noticed cash missing on three occasions.
2. Shreya‘s husband also shared that a few notes were missing from his wallet, though
he was not sure if they were stolen.
3. Her eldest son had been pestering Shreya for more pocket money for the last three
weeks; in the last few days, he had stopped doing so.
4. In the last one year, Vimla had received six mails from her family asking for money.
5. Her eldest son‘s expenditure had gone up in the last few days.
Which of the following combinations of the above statements would DECREASE the
likelihood that Vimla has stolen the money?
A. 1 and 3
B. 1 and 4
C. 1 and 5
D. 2 and 4
E. 3 and 5
If the money was stolen, then someone who had the need for money should have stolen
it. Out of the options available the choices 1&4 and 2&4 will increase the probability
that Vimla has stolen it and hence, B and D are wrong. Options 3&5, 1&3, and 1&5
will increase the probability that Shreya‘s son has stolen it. Out of the three options
3&5 would make the probability of stealing by son the highest, which would imply that
the probability that Vimla has stolen it is the lowest. Hence, E is the right answer.
26. Padma discovered some money missing from her purse. She suspects that Vimla has
stolen it. She wants to prevent the stealing from happening again and is contemplating
the following actions:
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1. She should let it pass, since to err is human.
2. She should confront Vimla and tell her that she knows the truth and the act is
unpardonable regardless of her past service and she is thinking of terminating her
services.
3. She should tell Vimla that she is aware someone has stolen money from the house
but is not sure who it is.
4. She should share with Vimla that neighbours think Vimla has stolen the money
though she doesn‘t, but is interested in finding out the truth.
5. She should directly ask Vimla if she stole the money, promising her no punishment
if she confesses.
Arrange the following combinations of the above actions in the DECREASING order
of appropriateness.
A. 1, 5, 4
B. 2, 4, 1
C. 2, 5, 4
D. 3, 5, 4
E. 5, 2, 4
The objective is to prevent (P) further theft while being appropriate (A). Therefore,
best option should be P:Yes and A:Yes
Statement 1: (P-N, A-Y) Objective of prevention is not met in 1.
Statement 2: (P-Y, A-N)
Statement 3: (P-Y, A-Y) Message delivered to Vimla is same in statement 3 and 4, but
3 is more appropriate
Statement 4: (P-Y, A-Y (somewhat)): Message delivered to Vimla is same in 3 and 4,
but 3 is more appropriate, as in 4 Shreya is bringing in a third party (neighbours) when
it is she who suspects.
Statement 5: (P-Y, A-Y). This is more appropriate than 4 but less appropriate than 3
since compared to 4 where Shreya is placing the blame on her neighbours, in 5 Shreya
owns it up, however in 3 Shreya is discussing the incident, while in 5 she is pointing a
finger at Vimla purely on suspicion.
Therefore, Option D is the correct answer.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the question that follows:
27. Genius Consulting is a boutique consulting firm started by Shirish, Balram, Rahman
and Xavier, four friends from a premier business school. They committed themselves
to abide by two principles: a) not to indulge in anything unethical and b) share earnings
equally.
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Genius Consulting could not get a significant project till the following year, when they
managed a big one after Rahman‘s father referred their firm to his top management.
Convinced of the team‘s talent following an impressive presentation, the top
management awarded them the project even though six other referred teams made
presentations.
The day following the presentation, they met to decide the way forward for the
organization. Which of the following choices would be the most appropriate for Genius
Consulting?
A. As this project violates both their principles, Genius consulting should not take up
the project.
B. Due to the violation of the first principle Genius consulting should not take up this
project.
C. They should take up the project. Further, since Rahman had agreed to equal sharing,
he is not entitled to finder‘s fee.
D. They should take up the project and as the referral helped them survive, Rahman
should be paid finder‘s fee.
E. They should take up the project. But, in order not to violate the principles, Rahman
can be paid finder‘s fee this year and an equal amount be deducted from his
compensation the next year.
Since company is formed with a motto of ethics and equal compensation, it should not
be disturbed. Compensation, should not change based on who gets the business
because tomorrow someone else might get the business or getting business may be a
role assigned to one member, while others play equally important but different role. It
is not an unethical situation because the project was won on the basis of capability and
not because of favour from Rahman‘s father. Hence, C becomes the best option as no
one is favoured.
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Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 28-30 that follow:
Mrs Biswas was to retire in one year after serving in the construction department of the
Gujarat government for more than thirty years. After retirement, she wanted to spend
her retired life along with Mr Biswas, a retired school teacher in a small town in
Kerala. They had two children, both studying in Bengaluru. The Biswas‘ wished to
construct a house in Kerala with their life savings.
The couple gathered information about owning a house in Kerala. They had four
options:
1. Buy a fully furnished house from a big developer.
2. Buy a semi-furnished house from a big developer and furnish it.
3. Get a local unregistered contractor to construct a house and furnish it.
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4. Mr Biswas with inputs from the family could supervise the construction of a house
back in Kerala by employing the best material, engineers, masons and labourers.
28. Which option would ENSURE the best control of quality of construction for the
Biswas‘?
A. The first option would ensure the best quality.
B. The second option would ensure the best quality.
C. The third option would ensure the best quality.
D. The fourth option would ensure the best quality.
E. Any of the options will equally ensure the best quality.
In options A, B and C, the house owner lacks control over the quality of construction.
However, in option D the owner can monitor discrepancies on an everyday basis and
take corrective actions, if required, especially given Mrs. Biswas‘ professional
experience. Option D is equivalent to continuous monitoring which is superior to one
time monitoring in other options. Hence, D is the best answer.
29. Which of the following additional information, IF TRUE, would improve the chances
of the third option being preferred?
A. Based on the current information, with no additional information, the third is the
best option.
B. Among local property holders, the contractor in the third option enjoys a good
reputation.
C. Big developers are less open to changes in design.
D. Mr Biswas cannot stay back alone to supervise the construction.
E. The Biswas‘ want to select the furniture on their own.
Option C makes first and second options (in the caselet) less attractive, but does not
make third option (in the caselet) as attractive as option B does. Option D makes first
option (in the caselet) and second option (in the caselet) attractive but does not improve
the chances of preferring the third option (in the caselet). Option E makes first option
(in the caselet) less attractive and second option most attractive. Based on arguments
presented in the previous question, it is clear that third option (in the caselet) was not
the best. Hence, A is not the right answer.
If the builder had good reputation among the local house owners, it means that the
builder has been constructing houses to the satisfaction of the local house owners
which probably would mean that the builder should be able to assure good quality.
Hence, B is the answer.
30. The Kerala Government recently announced a policy: In case of major quality
infringement, the builder will pay a penalty of 50% of the price of the house in addition
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to the price of the house, to the client within a year of notice.
Rank in ASCENDING order the options that would ensure ―control of quality‖.
A. 1,2,3,4
B. 2,3,4,1
C. 3,1,2,4
D. 4,3,1,2
E. 4,1,2,3
If builders are forced to pay penalty for bad quality then they are more likely to deliver
good quality, though it would be difficult to force the penalty on unregistered builders.
The chances of unregistered builder improving quality because of penalty are lower, as
the builder can, more easily, escape the clutches of law. Hence, the right set of option
should start with 3. It gives us C as the right answer.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 31-32 that follow:
A pastor had eaten at a restaurant with his troupe of ten and his family. It is a norm to
tip the waiter and about 20% of a waiter‘s salary comes from these tips. However,
while paying the bill, the pastor crossed out the automatic 18% tip charged for parties
of more than eight and wrote ―I give God 10% why do you get 18%?‖ above his
signature. The chagrined waitress at the restaurant posted a photo of this on the social
media. She was subsequently fired for violating company‘s policy on customer
privacy.
This would have been understandable if the restaurant had not posted just 2 weeks ago
a customer receipt that was complimenting them. Social media and social activists
came heavily upon the management‘s ambivalent stand and the firing of the waitress.
In response, the company posted a note on their social media page defending their
actions. This quickly drew over 10,000 comments, mostly negative, to which the
management started responding by posting the same note over and over again. There
were also accusations of the company deleting negative comments and blocking users.
The restaurant also experienced a sizable drop in their footfall.
31. Who/what is the main cause for the situation becoming unmanageable?
A. The pastor for flouting the norm of restaurant.
B. The waitress for violating customer privacy.
C. The management for not taking action against the pastor.
D. The management for giving out disproportionate punishment to waitress.
E. The management for removing negative comments from the social media.
Among the options available, the root cause would be that option which if removed
will stop the further consequences. Applying this principle D is the root cause because
had the management not meted out a disproportionate punishment, the current situation
faced by the organization would not have risen. Even if the pastor flouted the norms,
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and the waitress violated the privacy, the public outcry would not have arisen unless
the public perceived the punishment meted by the organization as unfair.
It is not a crime to flout a norm; but, the waitress might have committed an offence by
flouting the rules of the organization. However the punishment for such an alleged
offence is what started the outcry. Hence, Option D is the right answer.
32. The downward spiral continued for the restaurant as the management persisted in
defending their actions and argued with those who criticised them. By the following
week, the original post had generated over 18,000 negative comments.
Which of the following is the best way forward for the restaurant at this juncture?
A. Unconditionally restore the waitress to her former position and salary on the ground
that she was never at fault in the first place.
B. Apologise to and reinstate the waitress and ask her to apologize for her breach of
customer privacy and post both the apologies on social media.
C. Reinstate the waitress provided she apologises for her breach of customer privacy
and post that apology on the restaurant‘s social media page.
D. Reinstate the waitress if and only if she apologizes for her breach of customer
privacy and posts that apology on her social media page.
E. Recruit two waitresses at a higher wage but stick to the original decision of firing
the waitress.
Since waitress was punished in a disproportionate manner to the mistake she
committed, hence, the organization should first apologize to the waitress and offer to
re-instate her as early as possible. However, waitress is wrong to display customer
details on her personal social media page. She should also apologise for this act of
discretion. Hence, the organization should offer to reinstate and ask her to apologize
for her action, in the social media. Hence, B is the best answer.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 33-34 that follow:
A college campus with a population of around 2,000 of whom 200 were children,
1,200 people between 15 and 45 years, 500 people between 45 and 65 and around 100
people more than 65 years of age. The campus has two big gates opening out to the
city. There are 400 cars and 500 motorbikes inside the campus. The residents relied on
these vehicles to visit the city located 10 kilometres away.
Now, with land within the campus becoming scarce, the chief administrator (CA)
found the growing demand for parking lot difficult to handle. The faculty, staff and
students wanted increased parking space. In the past six years, the parking requirement
on campus had doubled. The CA found it inappropriate to construct parking lots from
the students‘ fee, even though those with vehicles may not complain about it.
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Besides creating parking problems, the CA felt that these vehicles added to the
pollution and made residents less responsible towards each other. The risk to the
children and the elderly because of over-speeding was menacing. Therefore, the CA
wanted to reduce the number of vehicles in the campus. Many faculty members,
students and staff members, however, felt that demand for more parking space was
natural as vehicles were required to go to the market, railway station, airport, and inter-
state bus terminal all located in the city. They also told the CA that the elderly, sick
and the toddlers relied only on these vehicles.
After listening to all stakeholders, the CA wanted to solve these problems while
ensuring the campus remained responsible and green.
33. Which of the following actions would best satisfy all the stakeholders within the
campus?
A. Levy extra fee on students to construct additional parking lots inside the campus.
Students should pay for up-keep of the campus.
B. Let all vehicles be parked in a college-managed space outside the campus while two
battery operated vehicles handle exigencies inside the campus.
C. Bring all stakeholders to the discussion table.
D. To reduce carbon footprints, only pooled vehicles should be allowed to operate
inside the campus.
E. Charge significant fee from any vehicle entering or leaving the campus.
Option A is not possible because it is unfair to the students as mentioned in the case.
Option C is not a solution as it talks only about discussions and not a decision. It can
be a good initial point but not a concrete way to solve the problem. Option D is not the
best solution as it does not address the concern of parking lot and emergencies. Further
D is an inferior option in comparison to Option B even with respect to pollution
control. Option E does not solve the problem as it does not address concerns of parking
lot. Further, Option E is inferior in comparison to Option B with respect to pollution
control. Option B is the best solution as it addresses parking as well as other issues
including those related to environment.
34. Which of the following would be the best option to increase revenue, decrease carbon
footprint and still satisfy all the stakeholders in the campus?
A. Make substantial collection from vehicles entering or leaving campus and construct
a parking lot outside the campus.
B. Levy extra fee on the students and build extra parking lots inside the campus.
C. Bring all stakeholders to table and let them build consensus.
D. To reduce the carbon footprint, only pooled vehicles be permitted on campus.
E. Let all vehicles be parked in a managed space outside the campus while battery
operated vehicles parked at the two gates can be used inside the campus.
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Option C is not correct as it offers a path but does not offer a solution. Option D is
wrong because it does not provide the administration with any increase in revenue.
Option E can reduce carbon footprints and satisfy stakeholders but there is no scope of
increase in revenues. Option B is unfair as one stakeholder pays for deeds of others and
it does not solve carbon footprints. Option A increases satisfaction for all stakeholders;
it will also increase revenue and can reduce carbon footprints by making it costly to
drive vehicles inside campus. So, Option A is the correct answer.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 35-37 that follow:
Girirajan an unemployed youngster from Kumbakonam, Tamilnadu, visited Singapore
where his school friend worked as software engineer. In Singapore, Girirajan realized
that there were a lot of Tamils in ―Little India‖ area. He soon assessed that there were
very few restaurants serving authentic Tamil food and decided to set-up a restaurant
―Giri‘s‖ in ―Little India‖ serving authentic Tamil food in traditional banana leaf.
Customers loved the food. Very soon word spread about the good quality food served
in the traditional way. Girirajan expanded operation recruiting 10 employees, all
Tamils.
Six months later, Girirajan realized that a lot of Kannadiga and Telugu customers
started visiting the restaurant along with their Tamil friends. One day, a Kannadiga
customer looking for Devangere Benne Dosa suggested that it may not be a bad idea
for Girirajan to serve Karnataka and Andhra cuisines along with Tamil.
With time, the popularity of the restaurant kept soaring. As a result, a lot of Malays,
Indonesians and Chinese started visiting the restaurant. His software engineer friend
advised to cater to customers of all nationalities. Despite his desire to go grand,
Girirajan realized he did not have enough money to get extra space anywhere in
Singapore and banks were also reluctant to lend.
One day, while assessing the business, he realized that the restaurant had 90%
occupancy rate during peak hours and 40% during the non-peak hours. Both figures
were increasing with time.
35. Which of the following options would be most suitable for the growth of the business?
A. Include Karnataka and Andhra cuisines in the menu.
B. Include Indonesian and Chinese cuisines in the menu.
C. Keep the focus on Tamil food only with an increased focus on quality improvement.
D. Expand to include either Karnataka and Andhra cuisines or Indonesian and Chinese
cuisines.
E. Include Karnataka and Andhra cuisines as well as Indonesian and Chinese.
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The business has already reached 90% utilization (and this is improving further) during
peak hours, in addition he has space constraints. Making substantial changes will incur
lot of costs but opportunities for benefits are limited because of existing 90%
utilization. Further, selling dishes of other regions might affect current focus on
authentic Tamil food (and this was the business opportunity according to the passage).
– . Moreover, there is no surety that he will do well in other cuisines because lack of
experience/expertise. Hence, Giri is better off to focus on authentic and quality Tamil
cuisine which is the reason for his success. So, option C is the correct answer.
36. Girirajan started analysing his quarterly customer data to assess growth opportunities.
He discovered that 20 % of his customers are Kannadigas and many of them were
requesting for a few Karnataka dishes. He was not sure if it was a good idea to serve
Karnataka food. He wanted to experiment before taking the final call. Which of the
following options will be worth experimenting in the next fortnight?
A. Introduce a Karnataka food day every week to please the Kannadiga customers.
B. Recruit a few Kannadiga waiters to interact with Kannadiga customers.
C. Rename a few Tamil dishes as Karnataka dishes.
D. Serve Karnataka dishes as and when requested by customers without the menu
displaying these dishes.
E. Add a few Karnataka dishes to the cuisine and display these in a separate menu.
The objective is to experiment with a few Karnataka dishes. Customer should be aware
of it, but this (experimentation) should not be added to the mainstream business as of
now, therefore, should not be part of the main menu. The only option that satisfies both
the criteria is E and therefore, Option E is the right answer.
37. Girirajan experimented with Karnataka food for a fortnight. He collected sales data for
Karnataka food along with the trend of overall sales for the last seven days. Which of
the following datasets, IF TRUE, will give Girirajan greater confidence to continue
serving Karnataka food? (Figures below represent Karnataka food sales as percentage
of total sales.)
A. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, with total sales trend increasing by 0.4%.
B. 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, with total sales trend increasing by 0.4%.
C. 50, 47, 44, 40, 47, 45, 40, with total sales trend remaining same.
D. 45, 44, 43, 42, 41, 40, 39, with total sales trend remaining same.
E. 20, 50, 10, 45, 43, 13, 36, with total sales trend coming down.
In Option A, the trend for sales for Karnataka dishes increasing along with the total
sales increasing and hence, is the right answer.
26
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Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 38-40 that follow:
A University coach was asked to select teams in three sports: Shooting, Cricket
(batsmen only) and ―Snakes & Ladder‖. The honest and keen observer head boy of the
school informed the coach that he had observed 100 students playing the three games –
shooting, cricket and ―Snakes & Ladder‖. In shooting, all students were given 100
chances to hit a target. In cricket, a batsman faced a maximum of 100 balls, provided
he DID NOT GET OUT. In ―Snakes & Ladder‖, every student could play 100 matches,
one each with the other students and one against a computer. In shooting, a player got
one point for hitting the target and zero point for missing the target. In cricket, a
batsman got one point for hitting the ball and zero point for missing it. In ―Snakes &
Ladder‖, a person got one point for winning the game and zero for losing. To the
coach‘s utter surprise, the distribution of points across all three games was the same. It
was as follows:
Points scored Number of students
0-9 1
10-19 8
20-29 5
30-39 15
40-49 20
50-59 20
60-69 13
70-79 7
80-89 9
90-99 2
The coach has to select a team of eleven in each sport.
38. Which of the following options is the best way to select the ―Snakes & Ladder‖ team?
A. The coach must select all students between 80 and 99.
B. The coach must select both the students between 90 and 99.
C. The coach must select at least 6 students between 40 and 59.
D. The coach must not select students between 0 and 9.
E. The coach can ignore the data in the table and randomly pick any 11 players.
In Snakes and Ladder, the player cannot exhibit any skill and therefore cannot
determine the outcome, which is random if the dice is fair. The past data in the table is
not relevant for selection. Hence, the best selection process should give equal
opportunity to everyone and therefore, Option E is the right answer.
27
———————– Page 29———————–
39. Which of the following options is the best way of selecting the Shooting team?
A. The coach should select all students in 80-99 ranges.
B. The coach should select both the students in 90-99 range; others can be from any of
the other ranges.
C. The coach should select at least 6 students between 40 and 49.
D. The coach should not select students between 40 and 89.
E. The coach can pick randomly any 11 players from any of the ranges.
In hundred shooting trials, it is highly unlikely that any student would get a high score
unless he/she is really good at shooting. The trials give us enough information to
choose those who have scored the highest. Therefore, option A is correct.
40. Which of the following options is the correct statement for picking up the cricket team?
A. The coach should never select the player in the range of 0-9 points.
B. The coach should never select players from the range of 50-59.
C. The coach should never select players from the range of 70-79.
D. The coach should definitely select players only from the range of 80-99.
E. None of the above.
In the game of cricket, a player has to stop batting when he gets out. Therefore, there is
no guarantee that even the best of batsman will play out all 100 balls. On the contrary,
even the worst batsman can play hundred balls, though chances are low. Hence, there
is a possibility that best batsman can get out after playing 5 balls and worst batsman
can play more balls than him. Hence, the coach can never be sure of rejecting a person
with low score or select a batsman, based on the above data. Hence, options A, B, C,
and D all are wrong. Best answer is Option E.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the question that follows:
41. As a newly started organization in the IT sector, Saksha IT is a fast growing 400
employee organization. Its head, Saksha Kumar believes in building an organization
driven by humility. Which of the following policies would best help him achieve that?
A. Employees shall, in their annual evaluation form, be asked to acknowledge three of
their shortcomings, overcoming which will make them better.
B. Employees shall be asked to share with their peers three shortcomings they had
noticed about their peers.
C. The immediate superiors would suggest three shortcomings their subordinates have
to work on in a given period.
D. Everyone beginning with Saksha, shall be asked to share three of their weaknesses,
28
———————– Page 30———————–
in a public forum.
E. Employees shall be asked to overcome three shortcomings in the following year.
Improvement, if noticed would attract rewards.
Humility is the quality of not being proud of being perfect as you are aware of your
limitations. Therefore, among the options, the option that focuses on awareness of the
self with respect to limitations should be in the consideration set for the correct answer.
However, the focus on awareness of self is not necessarily linked to ―improvement‖ or
―overcoming‖ the limitations. Moreover, the culture of humility should not be
confused with the performance measurement or rewards and compensation.
Among the options, Option D focuses on making one aware of one self without any
link with rewards or performance and hence, Option D is the right answer.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the question that follows:
42. Principal Maheswari of BINK School of Management is facing a problem that calls for
quick action. She received an anonymous mail one day, possibly from one of the
students, complaining about outdated syllabi, mediocre teachers and poor choice of
courses on offer.
Which of the following is the best course of action available to the Principal?
A. She should invite students to discuss any problem openly, one on one or in small
groups, promise to act on them but firmly condemn the culture of anonymous
mails.
B. She should update the students about the efforts the institute is taking in sprucing up
the syllabi, hiring talented faculty etc., but make no reference to the letter.
C. She should convene a meeting of the faculty at the earliest and get them to work on
updating the syllabi and also arrange a faculty development program but keep mum
about the letter.
D. She should convene a meeting of the faculty and talk about the letter as a symptom
of a deeper malaise, ask them to update the syllabi and also organise a faculty
development program.
E. She should ignore the letter and not think about it at all.
The principal has received an anonymous mail which could be a result of an underlying
concern, which might be genuine or not, among the student(s). So, she should focus on
the underlying concern, but this way of communicating anonymously is something that
should be strongly discouraged. Since the underlying concern may or may not be
genuine, she should openly invite students for discussions but not discuss the mail as
such.
Hence, Option A is the right answer because principal is addressing: a) the issue of
anonymous email and b) whether the content of the email is a concern.
Analyse the following caselet and answer the questions 43-45 that follow:
29
———————– Page 31———————–
Shyam prepares and sells piping hot puri and sabji (gravy) from 7:00 am to 9:00 am
(both inclusive) through a stall at XLRI campus. Presently, he has just a single oven,
which can do only one job at a time. It takes 30 minutes to cook one handi (a large
bowl) of sabji, sufficient for 12 customers. It takes him 10 minutes to prepare 2 plates
of puri at a time. While the cost of a plate of puri-sabji is ₹10, the price is ₹25. Puri
stays hot for only 5 minutes after preparation, while sabji stays hot for 30 minutes only.
It takes 10 minutes to reheat the sabji which stays hot for another 30 minutes. If he
brings a handi of hot sabji from home, the transport would cost him ₹5 0. It can also
stay hot for 30 minutes excluding the transportation time. Currently, every 20 minutes
five plates are ordered. All unsold quantities are distributed at cost after 9:30 am.
43. Find the maximum number of plates of puri-sabji Shyam can sell in the first hour of
business?
A. 6
B. 8
C. 10
D. 12
E. 15
Answer is C (10), as can be seen from the table below:
Time Oven Puri nos.
7
7.05
7.1 2
7.15
7.2 2 Puri preparation
7.25 Reheating sabji
7.3 2 Heating
7.35
7.4 2
7.45
7.5
7.55
8 2
Total 10
puri sabji Timeline customer in line Event
Start + Sabji comes
Preparation 2/10 min 30 min 7:00 from home
remains
hot 5 min 30 min 7:10 2 puri
reheat time NA 10 min 7:20 5-2-2 2 puri
7:30 2 puri + Sabji becomes
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———————– Page 32———————–
cold
7:40 5 + 5 – 2 – 2- 2 Sabji reheated
7:50 2 puri
5 + 5 + 5 – 2 – 2 –
8:00 2 – 2 – 2 2 puri
Total 10 puri
44. Shyam‘s puri-sabji became famous. Now he gets 5 orders per 10 minutes and has
invested in an additional oven. As he is working alone on both the ovens
simultaneously, now in any one oven it takes him 45 minutes to cook one handi of
sabji, 15 minutes for 2 plates of puri and 15 minutes to reheat the sabji. He can bring
only one handi from home. What will be his maximum daily profit?
A. ₹250
B. ₹280
C. ₹300
D. ₹330
E. ₹360
Answer is B (280), can be seen.
Time Oven1 Puri Oven2 Puri
7
7.05
7.1
7.15 2 2
7.2
7.25
7.3 2 2 Puri preparation
7.35 Reheating sabji
7.4 Heating
7.45 2 idle
7.5
7.55
8
8.05 2
8.1
8.15
8.2
8.25
8.3
8.35 2
8.4
8.45
8.5 2 2
8.55
9
2 2
Total 12 10 G.Total 22
Profit Transpt
Answer 22*15 -50 280
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———————– Page 33———————–
Puri sabji Timeline Oven 1 Oven 2
Start + Sabji
Preparation 2/15 min 45 min 7:00 comes from home
remains
hot 5 min 30 min 7:15 2 puri 2 puri
2 puri + Sabji
reheat time NA 15 min 7:30 becomes cold 2 puri
7:45 sabji reheated Sabji
8:00 2 puri sabji
8:15 2 puri sabji
8:30 2 puri 2 puri
8:45 2 puri sabji reheated
9:00 2 puri 2 puri
Total 22 puri
=(Price – cost) *plates – transportation
cost
280
45 Shyam‘s stall was becoming popular by the day. Now he gets 5 customers every 10
. minutes. After buying a second oven, he employed a helping hand, Aman at ₹100 for
two hours. Aman can cook one handi of sabji in 20 minutes or can prepare 3 plates of
puri in 10 minutes. Reheat time for sabji is 10 minutes. None of them can work on both
the ovens simultaneously.
Which of the following options will help Shyam maximize his daily profit, if he does
NOT bring sabji from home?
A. Shyam should dismiss Aman because his wages are more than the benefits he brings.
B. Shyam will prepare only puri and Aman will prepare only sabji.
C. Shyam will prepare only sabji and Aman will prepare only puri.
D. Shyam and Aman will prepare both puri and sabji.
E. Options B, C and D will yield the same profit.
Option D is the best option as it gives highest profit. Even if we subtract wages of Aman
(100), option D remains the better.
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Cond 1: Shyam puri,Aman, Sabji Cond 2: Aman Puri, Shyam Sabji Cond 3: Both puri and sabji
Time Shyam Puri Aman Sabj Time Aman Puri Shyam Sabji Time Oven1 Oven2 Puri
Nos i Nos Nos
7 7 7
7.05 7.05 7.05 Aman
7.1 7.1 7.1
7.15 7.15 7.15 Shyam
7.2 2 7.2 7.2 2
7.25 7.25 7.25
7.3 2 7.3 3 7.3 3
7.35 7.35 7.35
7.4 2 7.4 3 7.4 Shyam 3
7.45 7.45 7.45
7.5 2 7.5 3 7.5 3
7.55 7.55 7.55
8 2 8 3 8 3
8.05 8.05 8.05
8.1 2 8.1 3 8.1 Aman 3
8.15 8.15 8.15 Shyam
8.2 2 8.2 3 8.2 3
8.25 8.25 8.25
8.3 2 8.3 3 8.3 3
8.35 8.35 8.35
8.4 2 8.4 3 8.4 Shyam 3
8.45 8.45 8.45
8.5 2 8.5 3 8.5 3
8.55 8.55 8.55 Shyam
9 2 9 3 9 2 3
Total 22 30 0 4 30 34
Profit Profit Profit
330 450 510
33
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SECTION C
DATA INTERPRETATION AND QUANTITATIVE ABILITY
46. The sum of series, (-100) + (-95) + (-90) + ………. + 110 + 115 + 120, is:
A. 0
B. 220
C. 340
D. 450
E. None of the above.
The series can be written as follows: 105+110+115+120 = 450. Thus, Option D is the
correct answer.
47. AB is a chord of a circle. The length of AB is 24 cm. P is the midpoint of AB.
Perpendiculars from P on either side of the chord meets the circle at M and N
respectively. If PM < PN and PM = 8 cm. then what will be the length of PN? A. 17 cm B. 18 cm C. 19 cm D. 20 cm E. 21 cm M PP A B O N AB is a chord and MN is the perpendicular bisector of the chord AB at point P (as PM and PN both are perpendicular to AB). Then, MN is also diameter of the circle. Hence, OA=OM=ON, are the radii of the circle. We need to find PN, which is equal to OP+ON Given, AP=12 and PM=8, therefore; OP=(r-8), where r is radius of the circle. OPA is a right angle triangle. Hence, 2 2 2 12 +(r - 8) =r 2 2 144 + r + 64 - 16r = r 16r=208 34 ----------------------- Page 36----------------------- r=13 If radius is 13, then OP =(13 - 8) = 5 Hence, PN = 5 + 13 = 18 48. If x and y are real numbers, the least possible value of the expression 2 2 2 4(x - 2) + 4(y - 3) - 2(x - 3) is: A. - 8 B. - 4 C. - 2 D. 0 E. 2 2 2 2 4(x – 2) + 4(y – 3) – 2(x – 3) 2 2 2 =4(x – 4x + 4) + 4(y – 6y + 9) – 2(x – 6x + 9) 2 2 =2x – 4x + 4y – 24y + 34 2 2 = 2(x – 2x + 1) + 4(y – 2.y.3 + 9) + (34 – 2 – 36) 2 2 = 2(x – 1) + 4(y – 3) – 4 = – 4 (assuming minimum value of square terms is zero). Thus, Option B is the right answer 49. Four two-way pipes A, B, C and D can either fill an empty tank or drain the full tank in 4, 10, 12 and 20 minutes respectively. All four pipes were opened simultaneously when the tank is empty. Under which of the following conditions the tank would be half filled after 30 minutes? A. Pipe A filled and pipes B, C and D drained B. Pipe A drained and pipes B, C and D filled C. Pipes A and D drained and pipes B and C filled D. Pipes A and D filled and pipes B and C drained E. None of the above Tank get half-filled in 30 minutes, i.e., in 1 minute 1/60 fraction get filled. Let‘s check this through options with 1 minute cases: Option A: ¼ - (1/10 + 1/12 + 1/20) = ¼ - 14/60 = 1/60 (correct answer) Option B: - 1/60 (drained) Option C: (1/10 + 1/12) – (1/4 + 1/20) = 11/60 – 18/60 (drained) Option D: 7/60 filled in 1 minute 50. A shop, which sold same marked price shirts, announced an offer - if one buys three shirts then the fourth shirt is sold at a discounted price of ₹100 only. Patel took the offer. He left the shop with 20 shirts after paying ₹20,000. What is the marked price of 35 ----------------------- Page 37----------------------- a shirt? A. ₹1260 B. ₹1300 C. ₹1350 D. ₹1400 E. ₹1500 Assume marked price of shirts = x/per shirt Four shirts will cost (with the offer) = 3x + 100 Then, 20 shirts will cost (5 such offers) = 5(3x + 100) = 15x + 500 = 20000 Thus, x = 19500/15 = 1300. Therefore, B is the right answer. 3 51. The volume of a pyramid with a square base is 200 cm . The height of the pyramid is 13 cm. What will be the length of the slant edges (i.e. the distance between the apex and any other vertex), rounded to the nearest integer? A. 12 cm B. 13 cm C. 14 cm D. 15 cm E. 16 cm 2 Volume = 1/3×Area of the base (A )×Height of the pyramid (H=13cm) 2 2 Thus, 200 = 1/3*A *13 ïƒ A = 600/13 Therefore, side of the square base = A = √(600/13) Say, diagonal of the base = 2B 2 2 2 2 Then, B + B = A = 600/13 ïƒ B = 300/13 2 2 2 (Slant edge of pyramid) = H + B Thus, length of the slant edge = √(169 +300/13) = √192.1 = 13.86 ≈ 14 52. A dice is rolled twice. What is the probability that the number in the second roll will be higher than that in the first? A. 5/36 B. 8/36 C. 15/36 D. 21/36 E. None of the above Out of a total of 36 cases following cases will satisfy the above condition: Dice 1 (1): Dice 2 (2,3,4,5, & 6) i.e. 5 cases 36 ----------------------- Page 38----------------------- Dice 1 (2): Dice 2 (3,4,5, & 6) i.e. 4 cases Dice 1 (3): Dice 2 (4,5, & 6) i.e. 3 cases Dice 1 (4): Dice 2 (5, & 6) i.e. 2 cases Dice 1 (5): Dice 2 (6) i.e. 1 case Hence, possible number of cases = 15/36 i.e. Option C. 53. If f(x) = ax + b, a and b are positive real numbers and if f(f(x)) = 9x + 8, then the value of a + b is: A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 E. None of the above. 2 If f(x) = ax + b, then f(f(x)) = a(ax + b) + b = a x + ab + b 2 9x + 8 = a x + ab + b 2 Thus, a = 9, a = 3. Moreover, ab + b = 8, or, 3b + b = 8, or, b = 2 So, a + b = 5 54. Arup and Swarup leave point A at 8 AM to point B. To reach B, they have to walk the first 2 km, then travel 4 km by boat and complete the final 20 km by car. Arup and Swarup walk at a constant speed of 4 km/hr and 5 km/hr respectively. Each rows his boat for 30 minutes. Arup drives his car at a constant speed of 50 km/hr while Swarup drives at 40 km/hr. If no time is wasted in transit, when will they meet again? A. At 9.15 AM B. At 9.18 AM C. At 9.21 AM D. At 9.24 AM E. At 9.30 AM During the 2 km walk, Arup takes 30 minutes and Swarup takes 24 minutes. Hence, Swarup is ahead of Arup by 6 minutes. In boat, both of them row for 30 minutes . Hence, Swarup maintains the margin of 6 minutes. In car, every hour Arup goes ahead by 10 km. Before Arup starts, in 6 minutes, Swarup covers 4 km. Arup covers this distance in (60/10)*4 = 24 minutes During walk and in boat Arup goes = 30 + 30 = 60 minutes They will meet again at 8 AM + 60 minutes + 24 minutes = 9:24 AM
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———————– Page 39———————–
55. Hari‘s family consisted of his younger brother (Chari), younger sister (Gouri), and their
father and mother. When Chari was born, the sum of the ages of Hari, his father and
mother was 70 years. The sum of the ages of four family members, at the time of
Gouri‘s birth, was twice the sum of ages of Hari‘s father and mother at the time of
Hari‘s birth. If Chari is 4 years older than Gouri, then find the difference in age between
Hari and Chari.
A. 5 years
B. 6 years
C. 7 years
D. 8 years
E. 9 years
Assuming the age of: Hari‘s father = F, Hari‘s mother = M, Hari=H, when Chari was
born.
Hence, their ages would be: F-H, M-H and 0, when Hari was born.
Similarly, the ages of four other members, at the time of Gouri‘s birth, would be: F+4,
M+4, H+4, 4. (since Chari is 4 years older than Gouri)
We need to find H.
It is given that: F+M +H =70 ïƒ Eq. (1)
It is also given that F+M+H+16=2(F-H+M-H) ïƒ Eq. (2)
If we can replace F+M +H from Eq. (1) in Eq. (2) then:
Eq. 2 ïƒ 70 +16 = 2(F + M + H – 3H) (expressing -2H as H-3H in RHS)
86 = 2(70-3H)
6H = 54
H= 9. Hence, E is the correct answer.
56. In a True/False quiz, 4 marks are awarded for each correct answer and 1 mark is
deducted for each wrong answer. Amit, Benn and Chitra answered the same 10
questions, and their answers are given below in the same sequential order.
AMIT T T F F T T F T T F
BENN T T T F F T F T T F
CHITRA T T T T F F T F T T
If Amit and Benn both score 35 marks each then Chitra‘s score will be:
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 25
E. None of the above.
38
———————– Page 40———————–
Amit and Benn both got 35 marks. Maximum possible = 40 (if all correct). So they
made 1 mistake. (9 correct and one wrong = 9*4 – 1= 35). Their answers are all same,
except 3rd and 5th number. As they made only 1 mistake, both of them are correct in
one of these two.
Except 3rd and 5th answers, out of remaining 8, Chitra had 5 mismatches with both of
them i.e. 5 mistakes. In 3rd and 5th numbers, her answer was same as Benn. So, one out
rd th
of 3 and 5 question is right and the other one is wrong. Hence, she made a total of 6
mistakes and her marks should be = 4*4 – 6 = 10.
57. In a class of 60, along with English as a common subject, students can opt to major in
Mathematics, Physics, Biology or a combination of any two. 6 students major in both
Mathematics and Physics, 15 major in both Physics and Biology, but no one majors in
both Mathematics and Biology. In an English test, the average mark scored by students
majoring in Mathematics is 45 and that of students majoring in Biology is 60. However,
the combined average mark in English, of students of these two majors, is 50. What is
the maximum possible number of students who major ONLY in Physics?
A. 30
B. 25
C. 20
D. 15
E. None of the above.
Math Physics Bio
15151515
M 66
BB
PP
Total = 60, Math = M +6, Physics = P +21, Bio = B + 15
In English,
Total marks by M and B as common English = 50*(Math + Bio)
Total marks by students in Math = 45*(Math)
Total marks by students in Bio = 60*(Bio)
50*(Math + Bio) = 45*(Math) + 60*(Bio)
Or, Math = 2*Bio
Minimum Bio = 15, Minimum Math = 2*15 = 30,
So, the possible maximum students in ONLY Physics should be 60 – 15 – 30 = 15
39
———————– Page 41———————–
0 0 0 0 0 0
58. If 5 ≤ x ≤ 15 , then the value of sin 30 + cos x – sin x will be :
A. Between -1 and – 0.5 inclusive
B. Between – 0.5 and 0 inclusive
C. between 0 and 0.5 exclusive
D. between 0.5 and 1 inclusive
E. None of the above
0 0 0
Value of Sin (30 ) =1/2, Hence, we need to find the maximum value of (cos x – sin x )
to solve the question.
0 0
As value of cosx decreases as angle moves from 0 to 90 and value of sinx increases,
0 0 0
highest possible value of cosx – sinx will be at 5 as it is closer to zero.
0 0 0 0
The minimum value will be at 15 , in the given range of: 5 ≤ x ≤ 15 .
0 0 0 0 0 0
Cos15 – Sin15 can be written as: Cos(45 -30 ) – Sin(45 -30 )
Applying the formula for Cos (A-B) and Sin(A-B)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ïƒ (Cos45 *Cos30 +Sin45 Sin30 )-(Sin45 Cos30 -Cos45 Sin30 )
ïƒ (1/√2*√3/2+1/√2*1/2-1/√2*√3/2+1/√2*1/2)
ïƒ (1/2√2+1/2√2)
ïƒ (2/2√2)
ïƒ 1/√2
ïƒ 1/1.42
ïƒ .71
0 0
This means that 0.71 is the minimum value of the expression (cos x – sin x ) in the
range of x given.
0 0 0 0
Hence, at 15 , the value of (sin 30 + cos x – sin x ) would be (0.5+.71), which is
greater than 1.
So, Option E is the right answer.
p+7 q-2 r+1 s
59. If N = (11 )(7 )(5 )(3 ) is a perfect cube, where p, q, r and s are positive integers,
then the smallest value of p + q + r + s is:
A. 5
B. 6
C. 7
D. 8
E. 9
If N is perfect cube, then (p + 7), (q – 2), (r + 1) and (s) should be divided by 3 (11, 7, 5
and 3 being prime numbers).
For smallest sum of p + q + r + s, p = 2, q = 2, r = 2 and s = 3 (all are positive integers)
Answer = 9 (Option E)
60. An institute has 5 departments and each department has 50 students. If students are
40
———————– Page 42———————–
picked up randomly from all 5 departments to form a committee, what should be the
minimum number of students in the committee so that at least one department should
have representation of minimum 5 students?
A. 11
B. 15
C. 21
D. 41
E. None of the above.
If we choose maximum 4 students from each department, there will be 20 students. So,
st
21 student will ensure at least one group has 5 representatives.
61. AB, CD and EF are three parallel lines, in that order. Let d and d be the distances from
1 2
CD to AB and EF respectively. d and d are integers, where d :d = 2:1. P is a point on
1 2 1 2
AB, Q and S are points on CD and R is a point on EF. If the area of the quadrilateral
PQRS is 30 square units, what is the value of QR when value of SR is the least?
A. slightly less than 10 units
B. 10 units
C. slightly greater than 10 units
D. slightly less than 20 units
E. slightly greater than 20 units
P
A B
Q S
C D
E F
/ //
R R R
The area of PQSR is 30 with heights of QPS and QRS in the proportions of 2:1. It is
further given that heights are integers; it means that QR would be maximum for when
value of d1:d2 is lowest integer. The lowest possible integer value of d1 and d2 can be 1
and 2. For all other values of d1 and d2 (for example, 4 and 2, or 8 and 4), the value of
QR will be lower.
This implies, that values of d1=2 units and value of d2=1 unit. For these values of d1
and d2; area of ∆ QPS will be 20 and area of ∆ QRS will be 10 (in proportion to the
heights). The two triangles have same base: QS.
Area of ∆ QPS = 20
½*QS*d1=20
½*QS*2=20
QS=20
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Further, the least possible value of SR=1 (all other possible values of SRs will be
greater than 1, as can be seen in ∆ QR‘S and ∆ QR‖S). Which means ∆ QSR is a right
angle triangle in which:
2 2 2
QS +SR =QR
2
20*20+1*1=QR
2
QR =√401
QR=slightly greater than 20 (Answer)
62. ABCD is a rectangle. P, Q and R are the midpoint of BC, CD and DA. The point S lies
on the line QR in such a way that SR: QS = 1:3. The ratio of the triangle APS and
rectangle ABCD is
A. 36/128
B. 39/128
C. 44/128
D. 48/128
E. 64/128
A B
R
P
S S
J N
C
D M Q
To get to the answer, we need to find area of APS. Let us assume the length of rectangle
to be 16x and breadth to be 8y.
Therefore area of rectangle is=16x*8y=128xy
BP=PC=AR=RD=4y, Similarly, DQ=QC=8x
SQ=3(SR) ïƒ MQ=3(DM)=6xïƒ MD=2x
Also, JD=3RJ=3yïƒ AJ=5y, JD=3y, PN=RJ=y
Area of APS=Area of AJNB-Area of ∆ AJS-Area of ∆ ABP-Area of ∆ SPN, where AJS,
ABP and SPN are all right angled triangles.
Area of AJNB=16x*5y=80xy
Area of AJS=1/2*2x*5y=5xy
Area of APB=1/2*16x*4y=32xy
Area of SPN=1/2*y*14x=7xy
Area of APS=80xy-32xy-7xy-5xy=36xy
Therefore area of APS/Area of ABCD=36xy/128xy=36/128 (Answer)
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Study the data given in the caselet below and answer the questions 63-64 that
follow:
In an innings of a T20 cricket match (a team can bowl for 20 overs) 6 bowlers bowled
from the fielding side, with a bowler allowed maximum of 4 overs. Only the three
specialist bowlers bowled their full quota of 4 overs each, and the remaining 8 overs
were shared among three non-specialist bowlers. The economy rates of four bowlers
were 6, 6, 7 and 9 respectively. (Economy rate is the total number of runs conceded by a
bowler divided by the number of overs bowled by that bowler). This however, does not
include the data of the best bowler (lowest economy rate) and the worst bowler (highest
economy rate). The number of overs bowled and the economy rate of any bowler are in
integers.
63. Read the two statements below:
S1: The worst bowler did not bowl the minimum number of overs.
S2: The best bowler is a specialist bowler.
Which of the above statements or their combinations can help arrive at the minimum
number of overs bowled by a non-specialist bowler?
A. S1 only.
B. S2 only.
C. Either S1 or S2.
D. S1 and S2 in combination.
E. The minimum number of overs can be determined without using S1 or S2.
3, 3, 2 is the correct distribution. Other possible combinations will violate the conditions
of maximum overs mentioned in the question. So, the question can be answered without
using S1 and S2. (Option E)
64. Read the two statements below:
S1. The economy rates of the specialist bowlers are lower than that of the non-specialist
bowlers.
S2. The cumulative runs conceded by the three non-specialist bowlers were 1 more than
those conceded by the three specialist bowlers.
Which of the above statements or their combinations can help arrive at the economy rate
of the worst bowler?
A. S1 only.
B. S2 only.
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C. Either S1 or S2.
D. S1 and S2 in combination.
E. The economy rate can be calculated without using S1 or S2.
All the regular bowlers have lower economy rate. Further, these rates have to be in
integers. Let the best economy rate be a. Worst is b.
According to S1: a < 6 and b > 9 and all the regular bowlers economy rate is less than or
equal to 6.
If we use S2, three possible conditions emerge:
Condition 1: If the worst bowler gets three overs
4*a +4*6 + 4*6 +1 = 3*7 + 2*9 + 3*b.
Solving this gives us an equation: 4*a-3*b= -10. Since both a and b have to be integers
the only possible values of a and be are 5 and 10.
Condition 2: If worst bowler gets two overs but the bowlers with economy rates of of
nine and seven get three overs each:
4*a+48+1= 21+27+ 2*b, which gives us
4*a-2*b= -1. As, a and b are not integers, this possibility cannot be entertained.
Condition 3: If worst bowler gets three overs, but the bowler with economy of nine gets
three overs and the bowler with economy rate of seven gets two overs:
4*a+ 48 + 1= 2*7+ 3* 9+ 3* b. Solving this should give us the equation 4*a- 3*b = -8
=> 3b-4a = 8. We get the integer solution in this case (b=4 and a=1), but this does not
satisfy S1 and, therefore, cannot be entertained.
Hence, using only S2, we get two ―integer‖ solutions, out of which one does not satisfy
S1. So, we are left with only one possible solution (a=5 and b=10), if we use both
S1(a<6, and b>9) and S2(cumulative runs scored…). (Option D)
Analyse the graph below and answer the questions 65-68 that follow:
The grid below captures relationships among seven personality dimensions:
―extraversion‖, ―true_arousal_plac‖, ―true_arousal_caff‖, ―arousal_plac‖,
―arousal_caff‖, ―performance_plac‖, and ―performance_caff‖. The diagonal represents
histograms of the seven dimensions. Left of the diagonal represents scatterplots between
the dimensions while the right of the diagonal represents quantitative relationships
between the dimensions. The lines in the scatterplots are closest approximation of the
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points. The value of the relationships to the right of the diagonal can vary from -1 to +1,
with -1 being the extreme linear negative relation and +1 extreme linear positive
relation. (Axes of the graph are conventionally drawn).
65. Which of the following is true?
A. ―Extraversion‖ has two modes.
B. Median for ―arousal_plac‖ is definitely the same as its average.
C. Median for ―arousal_caff‖ is definitely higher than its average.
D. Median for ―performance_plac‖ is definitely lower than its average.
E. Median for ―performance_caff‖ is definitely lower than its average.
We need to look at histogram to interpret the answer. The histogram for
performance_caff and performance_plac is left skewed (most of data are on right side),
which will shift median to right side compared to the mean. The situation is opposite in
case of arousal_caff. Furthermore, arousal_plac‘s histogram is not symmetric and
hence, there is no guarantee of its mean and median being equal. Hence, options B, C, D
and E are incorrect and Option A is right
66. Which of the scatterplots shows the weakest relationship?
A. Between ―extraversion‖ and ―performance_caff‖.
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B. Between ―true_arousal_plac‖ and ―arousal_plac‖.
C. Between ―true_arousal_plac‖ and ―performance_plac‖.
D. Between ―true_arousal_caff‖ and ―performance_caff‖.
E. Between ―arousal_caff‖ and ―performance_caff‖.
The weakest relationship should be away from ―extreme values‖, i.e. it should be the
closest to zero. The closest relationship to zero, among the five options, is .16, which is
between ―extraverion‖ and ―performance _caff‖. Therefore, A is the right option.
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67. In which of the following scatterplots, the value of one dimension can be used to predict
the value of another, as accurately as possible?
A. ―extraversion‖ and ―true_arousal_caff‖
B. ―true_arousal_plac‖ and ―arousal_plac‖
C. ―true_arousal_plac‖ and ―performance_plac‖
D. ―true_arousal_plac‖ and ―performance_caff‖
E. All the above are irrelevant relations.
The question can be answerd by looking at the scatterplot, which is on the left hand side
of the diagonal. Option A is weak as the scatter is dispersed all over. Option B is very
close, but some dispersion can be seen away from the ―trend line‖. The scatterplot in the
option D is dispersed as well and hence it cannot be right answer. The scatterplot in the
option C is the closest to the trend line and hence it should be the answer, though the
relationship is weaker as compared to that in the option B (This is because it is
curvilinear in shape, while relationship value assumes linearity).
68. Which of the following options is correct?
A. 0.93 on the right side of the diagonal corresponds to the third scatterplot in the fourth
row.
B. 0.94 on the right side of the diagonal corresponds to the second scatterplot in the
fourth row.
C. 0.38 is the relationship between ―extraversion‖ and ―true_arousal_plac‖.
D. ―arousal_caff‖ and ―performance_caff‖ are positively related.
E. The line that captures relationship between ―arousal_caff‖ and ―arousal_plac‖ can be
denoted by equation: y=a-bx, where b>0.
Comparison between the visual pattern in the left side and the numbers in the right hand
side indicates Option B is the correct answer.
Study the paragraph below and answer the questions 69-72 that follow:
Abdul has 8 factories, with different capacities, producing boutique kurtas. In the
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production process, he incurs raw material cost, selling cost (for packaging and
transportation) and labour cost. These costs per kurta vary across factories. In all these
factories, a worker takes 2 hours to produce a kurta. Profit per kurta is calculated by
deducting raw material cost, selling cost and labour cost from the selling price (Profit =
selling price – raw materials cost – selling cost – labour cost). Any other cost can be
ignored.
Exhibit : Business Details of Abdul‘s 8 Factories
Production Selling Selling Labour
Profit/Kurta
Capacity Price/Kurta Cost/Kurta Cost/Hour
(No. of
# ₹ ₹ ₹ ₹
Kurtas)
Factory 1 2500 4800 775 60 450
Factory 2 1500 5300 800 45 400
Factory 3 800 5800 900 60 550
Factory 4 1000 5500 800 68 450
Factory 5 1500 5400 600 75 600
Factory 6 1100 6000 875 65 400
Factory 7 2500 4900 500 85 350
Factory 8 2000 5300 600 70 420
69. Which of the following options is in decreasing order of raw materials cost?
A. Factory 3, Factory 4, Factory 7, Factory 5
B. Factory 4, Factory 3, Factory 2, Factory 5
C. Factory 6, Factory 3, Factory 5, Factory 7
D. Factory 6, Factory 8, Factory 7, Factory 2
E. Factory 8, Factory 3, Factory 2, Factory 4
Option A (Calculations at the end)
70. Which of the factories listed in the options below has the lowest sales margin (sales
margin = profit per kurta divided by selling price per kurta)?
A. Factory 2
B. Factory 4
C. Factory 5
D. Factory 6
E. Factory 7
Option E (Calculations at the end)
71. Abdul has received an order for 2,000 kurtas from a big retail chain. They will collect
the finished pre-packaged kurtas directly from the factories, saving him the selling cost.
To deliver this order, he can use multiple factories for production. Which of the
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following options will ensure maximum profit from this order?
A. Factory 1
B. Factories 2 and 3
C. Factories 4 and 6
D. Factories 3, 6 and 4
E. Factory 1 or Factory 7 or Factory 8
Option D (Calculations at the end)
72. Abdul has introduced a new technology in all his factories. As a result, a worker needs
just 1.5 hours to produce a kurta. If raw materials cost and selling cost remain the same,
which of the factories listed in the options below will yield the highest profit per kurta?
A. Factory 2
B. Factory 3
C. Factory 4
D. Factory 5
E. Factory 6
Option B (Calculations at the end)
Sales Raw
Profit Profit
margin Material
Labor Labor
# Q69 Q70 Q71 Q72
Cost*2 Cost*1.5
Factory 3 1100 825 15.5% 3740 1175 960
Factory 6 800 600 14.6% 4260 1075 940
Factory 4 900 675 14.5% 3732 1025 868
Factory 2 800 600 15.1% 3655 1000 845
Factory 1 900 675 16.1% 3065 1000 835
Factory 5 1200 900 11.1% 3525 900 675
Factory 8 840 630 11.3% 3790 810 670
Factory 7 700 525 10.2% 3615 675 585
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