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Reading Comprehension Tips For CAT – Different Types of RC Passages

Saturday, February 2nd, 2019

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Different Categories of RC passages

Considering RCs hold more than 50% weight in CAT verbal ability section, you can hardly afford to ignore this area. It is definitely not easy to maintain focus on a passage unless you have a keen interest in the given topic. So how do you improve your attention span?

I think the best way to enhance your focus is to start with reading about things that captivate your interest. What can be a better way to develop a good reading habit!

But then CAT does not feature one or two types of RC passages. Generally, RC passages are extracted from the following areas:

• Business and economics
• Humanities
• Social Sciences
• Natural Sciences
• Current events

Now, how do you broaden your reading horizons and maintain focus on various kinds of passages? Let’s see how you can maintain a grip on various categories:

Starting with one of the most important kind, passages based on business and economics basically talk about theories that you will also be utilizing after MBA. How Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg were able to sweep the world with Microsoft and Facebook? You must be curious to read about their business strategies. Why Japan and China are more powerful economies than India? That calls for the knowledge of different economic models. In fact, you can even implement some of the economic theories in managing your day-to-day finances. While handling such passages, a good way would be:

• To identify the main points that the author intends to convey in each paragraph (like the key features of a given theory along with its implications.)
• Make a mental map of the main ideas.

This will save your time in answering the related questions. Most of the questions based on these passages are direct.

Another category of passages is based on various fields of humanities like art, culture, literature, philosophy, etc. Well, why not read your favorite movie’s review? You will also get to know about the central theme around which the movie revolves. And if you are a bibliophile, you can pick up your favorite piece of literature and comprehend the essence of its abstract language. An efficient way to tackle such passages requires you to:

• Pay close attention to the tone, structure, and organization of the passage in order to figure out the implicit information.
• Read the passage in an analytical way so as to identify the underlying message. You may need a second reading of such passages to understand them well. If a passage describes the culture of a particular community/tribe, you may be asked to predict their behavior in a particular situation. You will be able to answer correctly if you keep in mind the values and norms followed by them.

So, an effective passage analysis will help you answer the inferential questions accurately in less time.

Further, why is the world the way we know it today? Here, you would need to learn about some important historical, political and geographical developments behind it. These form the part of passages based on social sciences. Why are the US elections more talked about than elections in any other country? Why is there so much hype around Chinese goods? You must be keen on tracing the background behind this. A good way to approach such passages is to:

• Try to understand the passage from author’s viewpoint. This will help you answer the questions regarding the ideas that the author agrees/disagrees with.
• Do not get distracted by the minor details that usually accompany such passages.

Eg. The passage may represent a critical analysis of theories surrounding prominent battles, world wars, revolutions, major political events, etc.

Also, reading about such crucial events will expand your general knowledge base, thus helping you in group discussions in later stages.

Then there are passages based on natural sciences. Not many of us have liked physics, chemistry, biology, etc in our school days. So what can be an easier way to get hold of such passages? Well, most of us are fond of sci-fi movies. Reading about the theories presented in them will certainly serve our purpose. Another way can be watching documentaries based on natural sciences and study some of the principles being shown. Knowing that we are surrounded by so many scientific theories in action, itself fascinates us to know more about them. Consider the following things while handling science-based passages:

• Since most of the questions asked are specific and direct, it is a good idea to glance at the questions before reading the passage.
• Do not get baffled by the technical jargon. Instead, try to grasp the major attributes of the given scientific theory or research.

Listening to news channels has never been an interesting task for most of us. But as a manager or entrepreneur, you would be expected to know about all the current happenings. Why not inculcate a good habit as early as possible? This way you would be able to tackle passages based on current events. Besides, knowledge about these events will also help you in cracking your interview and group discussion stages. A good idea would be starting with some good newspapers like The Hindu, The Economic Times, etc. An efficient strategy for such passages would be:

• Try to formulate an opinion on the latest events that you read about and then go through the editorials related to them.
• Identify the points that support, explain or contradict the subject of the passage. This will help you understand the scope of the topic discussed and answer the tricky inferential questions based on the passage.

Apart from the above classification, another way to categorize the RC passages is on the basis of the approach for each of them. The three major types are:

• Analytical
• Descriptive
• Data-driven

As the name states, analytical passages involve the analysis of some important events, issues or ideas. Such passages generally have an open-ended style in order to examine the issue from different angles. As you would guess, such passages cover a lot of implicit information followed by inferential questions. You would need to understand the author’s thought process while reading the passage. So how can you solve such passages in a limited time frame? Here, heavy reading comes to the rescue!

• Invest sufficient amount of time in reading about the social problems, economic issues and other such dilemmas faced by mankind.
• Form a group of 3-4 people and regularly discuss some important issues/events in news. This will help you gain a better understanding of issues from various perspectives.

Also, you may need to reread such RC passages to get a better hold of the central idea.

Then comes the descriptive passages– that usually contain a lot of factual description, followed by a moderate level of questions. Such passages are easy to handle but sometimes may demand your opinion or inference from the author’s description of the subject.

• Most of the questions asked are explicit along with some vocabulary based questions.

Well, an interesting way to gain expertise in such passages is to start with reading about your favorite sports matches and form opinions on them.

Another type of passages including quantitative or statistical data is called data-driven passages. These passages contain some numbers or percentages to justify the stated ideas. In other words, such passages may appear boring to you. Well, all you need to do is not to get distracted by too much numerical data- instead look for the major points of the subject being discussed. Such passages generally feature some scientific research or surveys.

• An effective way to deal with such passages is to go through the questions before reading the passage.
• Questions related to such RCs are mostly direct and easy to answer.

Since now you are aware of the various types of RC passages that feature in the exam, you can decide upon your passage preferences and devise your exam strategy accordingly. But remember, there are no fixed rules to solve an RC. So, the best way to master RC section is – diverse reading!!

Also, once you have kick-started your reading habit, you can move on to more reading sources such as Business Standard, The Washington Post, The Guardian; journals of arts, humanities, and sciences; magazines like Frontline, Business Today, Outlook, CSR, etc. You can also watch some good news channels like BBC, CNN, etc. for a better understanding of important events. Reading and analyzing editorials of newspapers like The Hindu will certainly quicken your comprehension abilities.

Alongside, you can start practicing 2-3 RC sets from previous year papers as well as mock tests. A rigorous practice will eventually improve your speed and accuracy in the exam.

Lastly, the above-stated strategies may not be universally applicable, so you can customize them according to your suitability. The aim is to do a quality reading as much as possible. The more you enjoy reading, better will be your reading and comprehension abilities.

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CAT Questions related to Reading Comprehension

All questions from CAT Exam Reading Comprehension
Reading Comprehension – Forenoon slot – Set 1: Understanding where you are in the world is a basic survival skill, which is why we, like most species come hard-wired with specialized brain areas to create congnitive maps of our surroundings.
Reading Comprehension – Forenoon slot – Set 2: I used a smartphone GPS to find my way through the cobblestoned maze of Geneva’s Old Town, in search of a handmade machine that changed the world more than any other invention.
Reading Comprehension – Forenoon slot – Set 3: This year alone, more than 8,600 stores could close, according to industry estimates, many of them the brand -name anchor outlets that real estate developers once stumbled over themselves to court.
Reading Comprehension – Forenoon slot – Set 4: Scientists have long recognized the incredible diversity within a species.
Reading Comprehension – Forenoon slot – Set 5: Do sports mega events like the summer Olympic Games benefit the host city economically?
Reading Comprehension – Afternoon slot – Set 1: Creativity is at once our most precious resource and our most inexhaustible one.
Reading Comprehension – Afternoon slot – Set 2: During the frigid season…it’s often necessary to nestle under a blanket to try to stay warm.
Reading Comprehension – Afternoon slot – Set 3: The end of the age of the internal combustion engine is in sight. There are small signs everywhere: the shift to hybrid vehicles is already under way among manufacturers.
Reading Comprehension – Afternoon slot – Set 4: Typewriters are the epitome of a technology that has been comprehensively rendered obsolete by the digital age.
Reading Comprehension – Afternoon slot – Set 5: Despite their fierce reputation. Vikings may not have always been the plunderers and pillagers popular culture imagines them to be.

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